‌‌‌‌　　希：aphanisis

‌‌‌‌　　此一希腊文术语的字面意义即“消失”。欧内斯特·琼斯首先将其引入精神分析，用它意指“性欲望的消失”(Jons,1927)。对琼斯而言，对于此种“消失”的恐惧在两性中皆有存在，它会引发男孩身上的阉割情结，并且发女孩身上的阴茎嫉羡。

‌‌‌‌　　拉康吸纳了琼斯的术语，但在实质上对其进行了修改。对拉康而言，“消失”并非意味着欲望的消失，而是意味着主体的消失 (见：S11,208)。主体的“消失”即主体的消隐，是构成了欲望辩证法 (见：S11,221)的主体的根本性割裂 (见：分裂[SPLT])。欲望的消失非但不是恐惧的对象，它恰恰是神经症患者力求达到的目标：神经症患者企图摆脱其自身的欲望，将其搁置一旁 (S8,271).

‌‌‌‌　　拉康还使用了另一项术语，即“消隐”(fading), 在某种程度上把它用作“消失”的同义词。消隐（拉康直接以英文来使用的一个术语）指的是主体在异化过程中的消失。此一术语也被拉康使用在描述冲动与幻想的数元/数学型 (MATHEMES)的时候：正如主体在这些数元中被画杠的事实所表明的那样，当面对要求以及面对对象的时候，主体便会“消隐”或“消失”。

‌‌‌‌　　The literal meaning of this Greek tem is 'disappearance'. It was first introduced intopsychoanalysis by Ernest Jones, who uses it to mean 'the disappearance of sexual desire' (Jones, 1927). For Jones, the fear of aphanisis exists in both sexes, giving rise to thecastration complex in boys and to penis envy in girls.

‌‌‌‌　　Lacan takes up Jones's term, but modifies it substantially. For Lacan, aphanisis doesnot mean the disappearance ofdesire, but the disappearance of the subject (see S11,208). The aphanisis of the subject is the fading of the subject, the fundamental division of thesubject (see SPLIT) which institutes the dialectic of desire (see S11,221). Far from thedisappearance of desire being the object of fear, it is precisely what the neurotic aims at; the neurotic attempts to shield himself from his desire, to put it aside (S8,271).

‌‌‌‌　　Lacan also uses another term,'fading', in a way that makes it synonymous with theterm aphanisis. Fading (a term which Lacan uses directly in English) refers to thedisappearance of the subject in the process of alienation. The term is used by Lacan whendescribing the MATHEMES of the drive and of fantasy: the subject 'fades'or'disappears'in the face of demand and in the face of the object, as is shown by the factthat the subject is barred in these mathemes.