‌‌‌‌　　英：beautiful soul; 法：belle ame; 德：schone Seele

‌‌‌‌　　美的灵魂 (德：schone Seele)是黑格尔在《精神现象学》(Phenomenology of Spirit)里所描述的自我意识辩证法中的一个阶段 (Hcg©l, 1807)。美的灵魂将其自身的混乱无序投射到世界之上，并试图通过将“内心法则" (the law of the heart)强加给所有其他人来治愈此种混乱无序。对拉康而言，美的灵魂是对于自我的一则完美隐喻：“现代人的自我…是在‘美的灵魂’的辩证僵局中呈现出其形式的，即·美的灵魂'并未在它所遣责的世界上的混乱无序中认出其自身的‘存在的原因' (raison d'ere)”(E, 70)。以更加极端的方式，美的灵魂也同样阐明了偏执狂误认 (见：误认[MECONNAISSANCE])的结构 (Ec, I72-3)

‌‌‌‌　　美的灵魂的概念阐明了神经症患者往往会以怎样的方式来否认其自身对于发生在自己周围的事情的责任 (见：行动[ACT]). 精神分析的伦理学即在于责令分析者承认在他们的痛苦中有其自身的参与。因而，当杜拉抱怨她被自己周围的男人们当成了一个交换对象的时候，弗洛伊德的第一项干预，便是让她去面对其自身在这一交换中的共谋(Ec,218-9:见：Freud,1905e)。

‌‌‌‌　　(belle ame) The beautiful soul (Ger. Schone Seele) is a stage in the dialectic of self-consciousness which Hegel describes in the Phenomenology of Spirit (Hegel, 1807). Thebeautiful soul projects its own disorder onto the world and attempts to cure this disorderby imposing 'the law of the heart'on everyone else. For Lacan, the beautiful soul is aperfect metaphor for the ego;'the ego of modern man... Has taken on its form in thedialectical impasse of the belle dme who does not recognise his very own raison d'etre inthe disorder that he denounces in the world' (E, 70). In a more extreme way, the beautifulsoul also illustrates the structure of paranoiac misrecognition (see MECONNA/SSANCE)(Ec, 172-3)

‌‌‌‌　　The concept of the beautiful soul illustrates the way that neurotics often deny theirown responsibility for what is going on around them (see ACT). The ethics ofpsychoanalysis enjoin analysands to recognise their own part in their sufferings. Thuswhen Dora complains about being treated as an object of exchange by the men aroundher, Freud's first intervention is to confront her with her own complicity in this exchange (Ec, 218-19; see Freud, 1905e).